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⁴⁵Neer CS (1983) Clinical orthopaedics 173. 70-77. This key article describes impingement, sets out the staging of the lesions and their likely outcome with treatment,

⁴⁶Wallace WA Wiley AM (1986) Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 68B. 162. Review of the status of 36 patients with cuff tears that followed injury found all had a weak shoulder, 29 had significant pain and 22 were working. Only 2 were in their original employment.

⁴⁷Bassett RW Cofield RH (1983) Clinical Orthopaedics 175. 18-24. Repair of 37 acute tears gave good recovery of motion, 13 patients has slight pain and the others no pain. 33 patients felt that they had gained from surgery.

⁴⁸Chard MD Sattelle LM Hazleman BL (1988) British Journal of Rheumatology. 137 patients with ‘rotator cuff tendinitis’ but a fully mobile shoulder were reviewed at an average of 19 months from presentation. 39% were symptom free. 6% had severe and continuous pain that had recurred after apparent resolution and 6% had new symptoms. Many had sleep and daily care restrictions, others could not use the arm overhead.

⁴⁹Frieman BG Fenlin JM (1995) Journal of Shoulder & Elbow Surgery 4. 175-181. Of 75 patients who underwent surgery for cuff tendinitis and impingement, 82% had an excellent and 15% a good outcome. 91% returned to their original work on average at 9 weeks and had final function 12 weeks from surgery. For the 21 litigation patients the return to work was 4.7 weeks and to full function 10.8 weeks.

⁵⁰Resch R Styra F Golser K Wambacher M Klestil T (1995) Journal of Shoulder &Elbow Surgery 4. p.S18 Of 92 patients with impingement and incomplete cuff tears 66% had an excellent, 25% a good result. Return to work averaged 7 weeks and work 11 weeks. 90% returned to overhead, 87% to shoulder demand sport.

⁵¹Wasilewski SA Frankl U (1991) Clinical Orthopaedics 267. 65-70. Arthroscopic decompression for the impingement syndrome, without repair of cuff tears in 33 patients, 14 after remembered injury. 30 patients were satisfied and 21 pain free.