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417

 

 CHAPTER 11

 

 INJURIES TO THE KNEE

 R S Gunn

 

INDEX

 

93 Introduction

94 Anatomy

 The anterior compartment; the medial and lateral compartments; the medial femoral condyle; the menisci; the medial meniscus; the lateral meniscus; the capsule; the cruciate ligaments; the medial ligaments; the lateral collateral ligament; the anterior cruciate ligament; the posterior cruciate ligament; quadriceps muscle and tendon; flexion of the knee.

95 Injury

 The mechanism of injury; injury via the patella; the anterior cruciate ligament; posterior cruciate ligament; patella fractures; post traumatic chondromalacia patellae; reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD).

96 Treatment

 Ligament injuries; traumatic chondromalacia patella; undisplaced patella fractures; displaced transverse patella fractures; displaced comminuted patella fractures; total patellectomy; lower femoral fractures: supracondylar and intercondylar fractures; tibial fractures; reflex sympathetic dystrophy.

97 Symptoms

 Pain; instability; swelling; locking.

98 Medico-legal examination

 History; observation; general examination; the quadriceps; palpation; the range of movement; the patella; the apprehension test; the patella facets; the Q angle; ligament stability: the Lachman test, the anterior draw; McMurray's test; the Apley test.

99 The prognosis

 Anterior cruciate ligament; supracondylar and intercondylar femoral fractures;