CHAPTER 10

 

 INJURIES TO THE SHOULDER

 P G Stableforth

 

INDEX

82 Anatomy

 Gleno-humeral joint, the joint surface, the glenoid, contact, capsules, nerves.

83 Movement

 The subscapularis muscle, the supraspinatus muscle, the infraspinatus, the trapezius muscle, the deltoid muscle, the pectoralis major.

84 Function

85 The accident

 Upper shoulder impact, steering wheel wrench, lower shoulder impact.

86 Pre-existing conditions

 Deformity or joint instability, rotator cuff tendon degeneration, arthritis.

87 Categories of injury

 Contusion or bruising, haemarthrosis, fracture, the brachial plexus, the rib cage, dislocation.

88 Treatment

 Priority, serious conditions, dislocation, nerve/tendon injury, X-rays, CT scans, MRI scans, arthroscopy, operations, non-operative treatment.

89 Medico-legal examination

 Timing, history, clinical examination.

90 The Prognosis

 Sterno-clavicular dislocation, clavicle fractures, acromio-clavicular injuries, gleno-humeral dislocation, proximal humeral fracture, rotator cuff tears.

91 Malingering and Functional Overlay

92 Areas of dispute

 

 

82 Anatomy

 

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